What Are The Four Types Of Leukemia – Leukemia refers to a group of cancers that develop in the bone marrow, the soft inner part of the bones where new blood cells are formed. When the white blood cells’ DNA changes, the abnormal cells begin to multiply, slowing down the production of healthy red and white blood cells and platelets.
This type of blood cancer can be acute (developing quickly) or chronic (developing slowly over time), and there are many different subtypes, each requiring a unique treatment approach. Although many other cancers often affect adults, this disease is the most common cancer in children and adolescents, accounting for one in three cases. Fortunately, as research continues into innovative and promising therapies, we can cure more and more patients.
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What Are The Four Types Of Leukemia
Signs of acute leukemia usually appear suddenly, while patients with chronic leukemia may not show symptoms for years. When leukemia cells begin to crowd the bone marrow, symptoms may include:
Leukemia (blood Cancer)
Other conditions can also cause similar symptoms, so it’s important to see a doctor for a proper diagnosis.
We don’t know what causes most cases of leukemia, but certain risk factors can increase your chances of developing the disease.
No, there is no clear way to prevent these types of cancer in adults or children. But several lifestyle changes can reduce the risk of all cancers, such as:
Each of our patients receives a thorough evaluation so that we can develop an individualized plan. Because there are several types of leukemia, it is important to understand all of the specific genetic changes in order to determine the best method of treatment.
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After blood and tissue samples are collected, our hematopathologists carefully analyze them to identify the molecular profile of the leukemia cells. We can also run additional tests to confirm the type and determine if it has spread. These tests may include:
Types of Cancer Leukemia is classified according to the type of white blood cells involved and how quickly it develops.
Each type has different characteristics: the type of cells they start in, how fast they grow, how they’re treated, and whether they’re mostly found in adults, teens, or children.
Cancer causes too many cells to form and fail to mature. This means they don’t work properly and also throw out other cells that the body needs. Cancers also take two forms, depending on how quickly they develop:
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The combination of stem cell type and growth rate results in the four main types of leukemia:
Each major type of leukemia also has subtypes that often play a role in disease progression and treatment recommendations.
We take a comprehensive approach to treating this blood cancer with input from a multidisciplinary team. Through weekly tumor charts, experts in chemotherapy, targeted therapy, stem cell transplantation, and cellular immunotherapy collaborate on the best way to treat your leukemia based on your genetic makeup.
Chemotherapy is a common treatment for acute subtypes of this disease. It is usually given in hospital as initial treatment for patients with ALL or AML. The goal of this approach is to kill as many cancer cells as possible and put the disease into remission, which means getting rid of all signs of the disease. This is often followed by consolidation or maintenance chemotherapy, which is designed to ensure that any remaining leukemia cells are destroyed.
Leukemia In Children And Teens
Some patients with acute and chronic leukemia benefit from stem cell transplantation after other cancer treatments. Transplantation replaces damaged stem cells with healthy ones using cells from the patient’s bloodstream (autologous) or from a donor (allogeneic).
MedStar Health is the nation’s largest stem cell collection center and the only adult program accredited by the Foundation for the Accreditation of Cell Therapy (FACT) in Washington, D.C. With decades of experience, our dedicated bone marrow transplant specialists, nurses and staff have exceptional expertise in these life-saving treatments.
For patients with chronic leukemia subtypes, we offer the full range of highly effective targeted therapies. Most of these treatments are given orally via a pill and are considered less toxic than chemotherapy. These innovative therapies can target specific characteristics of certain leukemia cells, which is why accurate diagnosis and genetic profiling of blood cancer cells is so important. The type of targeted therapy we recommend will vary based on the molecular makeup of a patient’s cancer, but may include the following:
With multiple locations throughout the region, patients have access to many of the nation’s renowned cancer specialists who offer high-quality care, second opinions and an opportunity for better outcomes close to where they live and work. The Georgetown Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, one of the nation’s National Cancer Institute (NCI)-designated comprehensive cancer centers, serves as the research engine that provides patients with access to clinical trials that often lead to advances in cancer care.
Peripheral Smear Findings In Leukemia
Recipient of Accreditation with Commendation, the highest level of approval, from the American Commission on Surgeons on Cancer (CoC)
Many surgeons, medical oncologists and radiation oncologists recognized as “Top Doctors” by both Baltimore Magazine and Washingtonian
Clinical trials are studies that evaluate new treatments or combinations of treatments to improve the standard of care for cancer. Through this research, we learn better ways to target specific genetic changes in leukemia cells and recommend participation in trials when they offer personal benefit to our patients.
The Georgetown Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center is MedStar Health’s research engine driving new methods of cancer treatment. Our scientists and doctors continue to research therapies that inhibit or kill leukemia cells, harnessing the body’s own immune response whenever possible.
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If you or a loved one has been diagnosed with leukemia, we are here to support you through a full range of services designed to meet your physical, emotional and spiritual needs.
A small percentage of leukemias are related to genetic diseases that are passed down from family members, such as from parents to children. Our board-certified genetic counselors can help you decide if genetic testing is right for you and your immediate family members. If so, they will carefully explain their results so you can make informed decisions about what to do with that information.
Cancer treatment can cause temporary or long-term side effects and our specially trained physiotherapists and occupational therapists are here to help you make a full recovery. From nutritional counseling to personalized therapy plans that help you regain strength, endurance and mobility, rehabilitation plays an important role in your journey back to good health.
After treatment, your healthcare team will want to continue to monitor your health. Our comprehensive follow-up program is designed to help you manage late side effects months and years after treatment. In addition, your checkups may involve blood tests and imaging to help monitor for any signs of recurrence. HD-OCT study may be useful to search for markers of the preclinical stage of diabetic retinopathy in patients with type 1 diabetes
Types Of Cancer And How They Differ
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Blood Cancer / Leukemia: Causes, Symptoms And Treatment
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Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia Facts
Leukemia is a deadly cancer and has two main types: acute and chronic. Each type has two additional subtypes: lymphoid and myeloid. So there are a total of four subtypes of leukemia. This study proposes a new approach for the diagnosis of all leukemia subtypes from microscopic images of blood cells using convolutional neural networks (CNNs), which requires a large training dataset. Therefore, we also synthetically investigate the effects of data augmentation for an increasing number of training samples. We used two publicly available leukemia data sources: ALL-IDB and
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